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Installation
of Thermal Mass Flowmeters
As the following information
makes clear, proper installation of the thermal mass flowmeter is very
important in assuring accurate measurement of your gas flow.
The
thermal mass flow meter must be installed at a location where the gas
is dry or above the dew point temperature. Installations which allow large
droplets of water to condense out and come in contact with the sensing
element must be avoided. Such contact could cause sporadic “spikes”
in the thermal mass flowmeter’s readings due to the dramatic cooling
effect of the denser liquid.
Although our flow sensors are
temperature compensated to remove gas temperature effects, rapid gas temperature
changes can induce temporary inaccuracies in the flow readings. These
effects will diminish as the temperature of the gas and the flow sensing
element stabilize.
Optimum
installation requires sufficient straight run to allow a uniform, non-swirling,
fully-developed flow profile within the flow conduit. It is best to avoid
installations which are immediately downstream of bends, abrupt cross-sectional
area increases or decreases, fans, louvers, or other equipment installed
in the line. These situations can cause non-uniform flow profiles and
swirl which can result in signal errors. Problematic flow profiles require
flow conditioning to improve meter performance. Consult the factory for
additional information.
Effects
of Reynolds Number in Closed Conduits
Reynolds
Number (RD) defines whether laminar flow or turbulent flow are causing
the flow profile within the flow conduit. Laminar flow has a RD of <2000
with a parabolic flow profile, while turbulent flow has a RD of >4000
with a more uniform (squared up) face velocity. The RD's between 2000
and 4000 are in the transition region allowing a change in profile from
laminar to a turbulent face velocity profile. Turbulent flow profile is
not the same as turbulence or swirl within the flow conduit. Changing
Reynolds Numbers are caused by changing flow rates within the flow conduit.
Our
insertion thermal mass flowmeters are calibrated for ANSI "point-of-average-flow"
positioning in the process line. However, laminar flows often have a center
velocity with is higher than the mean velocity. Therefore, you may need
to make minor adjustments in the sensor position* or utilize the C-Factor
of the Master-Touch thermal mass flowmeter's software for the most accurate
flow readings.
*The design of our probe assembly
is such that the active part of the flow sensor is always .75" from
the bottom of the sensor's protective window. Please take into account
the location of the active part of the sensing element when installing
the flowmeter.
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